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D&D 5e Spell Components Cheat Sheet

Printable D&D 5e spell components reference — V / S / M / C / R, focus rules, and material-component edge cases.

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The five spell components

V (Verbal)Spoken incantation. Silence aura blocks the cast. Deafened creatures still cast normally — they just can't hear themselves.
S (Somatic)Free hand required. Two-handed weapon + shield = no free hand. War Caster feat allows somatic with weapons in both hands.
M (Material)Listed in the spell. If a gp cost is listed (e.g. 25-gp diamond), the component is consumed on cast and the spell-caster must hold it. If no cost is listed, a spellcasting focus or component pouch substitutes.
C (Concentration)Only one concentration spell at a time. Damage triggers Constitution save DC 10 or half damage (whichever higher). Falling unconscious or being incapacitated ends concentration.
R (Ritual)Spell can be cast as a 10-minute ritual without spending a spell slot. Must be in the spellbook (Wizard) or known (other classes). Cleric / Druid prepare it; Bard / Ranger / Wizard need it in the book.

Spellcasting focus rules

  • Arcane focus: orb, crystal, rod, staff, wand. Substitutes for non-cost material components for Bards, Sorcerers, Warlocks, Wizards.
  • Holy symbol: emblem worn, on a shield, or held. Clerics and Paladins.
  • Druidic focus: sprig of mistletoe, totem, wooden staff, yew wand. Druids.
  • Component pouch: 25-gp belt pouch. Holds the non-cost materials for any caster.
  • Material components with listed gp cost are NEVER substituted by a focus — bring the diamond.

Common consumed components

Revivify300-gp diamond — consumed.
Raise Dead500-gp diamond — consumed.
Resurrection1000-gp diamond — consumed.
True Resurrection25000-gp diamond — consumed.
Identify100-gp pearl — not consumed.
Heroes' Feast1000-gp gem-encrusted bowl — consumed.
Find Familiar10-gp charcoal/incense/herbs — consumed.
Glyph of WardingPowdered diamond worth at least 200 gp — consumed.

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